Genome rearrangements, male pregnancy and immunological tolerance – the curious case of the syngnathid immune system

The syngnathid fish group (seahorses, pipefishes and seadragons) is a fascinating lineage associated with an array of evolutionary peculiarities that include diverse morphologies their unique male pregnancy. These oddities also extend to immune systems, growing body research highlighting range intriguing immunological characteristics genomic rearrangements, which pose questions regarding history strategies. functional loss the major histocompatibility complex class II pathway (MHC II) in Syngnathus genus related components seahorse ( Hippocampus ) were two discoveries initially piqued interest. This sparked discussions concerning capabilities, possible facilitative roles advanced pregnancy evolution through means evoking tolerance, as well general re-evaluation how we interpret vertebrate plasticity. Experimental approaches have attempted clarify further impact repertoire on efficacy response, specificities pathways play during concept inheritance. first characterization cell typhle using scRNA-seq represents latest step understanding dynamics these enigmatic fish. report serves review for insights into group; encompassing history, populations, links pregnancy, sex specificity, addition future opportunities need investigation.